2.2 describe cell structures, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes and vacuole

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Animal cell→The nucleus is in the centre of the cell
↳surrounded by cytoplasm
↳around the outside is the cell membrane.

Plant cell→The vacuole in the centre of the cell
↳surrounded by cytoplasm
↳within it is the nucleus and chloroplasts
↳surrounding this is the cell membrane
↳around that is the cell wall.

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1.2 describe the common features shown by eukaryotic organisms: plants, animals, fungi and protoctists

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Plants :  - multicellular organisms - cells contain chloroplasts - are able to carry out photosynthesis - cells have cellulose cell walls - store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose - examples include: flowering plants, such as a cereal (eg. maize), and a herbaceous legume (eg. peas or beans).  Animals:  - multicellular organisms - cells do not contain chloroplasts - not able to carry out photosynthesis - no cell walls - store carbohydrate as glycogen - examples: mammals (eg. humans) and insects (eg. housefly and mosquito).  Fungi:  - not able to carry out photosynthesis - their body is usually organised into a mycelium made from thread-like structures called hyphae , which contain many nuclei - some examples are single-celled - their cells have walls made of chitin - they feed by extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and absorption of the organic products ; this is known as saprotrophic nutrition - t...
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